Which of the following is an example of a data type?

The choice of integer as the correct answer stems from its classification as a fundamental data type in programming. Data types define the nature of data that can be stored and manipulated within a program. An integer specifically represents whole numbers and can be used in mathematical computations, making it an essential building block in programming.

On the other hand, while functions, arrays, and loops are all important concepts in programming, they do not fall under the category of basic data types. A function is a block of code designed to perform a particular task, an array is a data structure that can hold multiple values under a single variable name but is made up of elements that can each be of a specific data type, and a loop is a control structure that allows code to be executed repeatedly. These concepts serve different purposes within programming but do not represent a singular type of data in the same way that an integer does.