Which best defines 'human-computer interaction'?

Human-computer interaction (HCI) fundamentally focuses on the ways in which people engage with computers and other forms of technology. This involves understanding user needs, preferences, and behaviors while designing interfaces that facilitate effective and intuitive interactions. HCI combines elements of computer science, cognitive psychology, design, and social sciences to create user-friendly systems that enhance the user experience. By studying different interaction methods, such as touch, voice, and visual displays, professionals can design better interfaces that are meaningful and accessible to a diverse range of users.

Other options refer to specific aspects of computing but do not encompass the comprehensive nature of human-computer interaction. The technical details of programming, the assessment of software performance, and troubleshooting hardware issues are all important fields within computing. However, they do not address the broader principle of how users interact with and experience technology in their everyday lives.